Occurs at alow to mid elevations in northwest Montana. Located in wet bottoms and toeslope seepage areas along streams. Also occupies lower benches, valleys, and lower stream terraces. These sites typically have high water tables and pool the drainage of cold air. Diagnostic understory species is Oplopanax horridum (devil's club). This site is along the East Fork of the Bull River, north of Noxon, Montana (elevation is approximately 945 m; 3,100 ft).